Cavalier King Charles Spaniels are gentle, loving companions, but their breed predispositions require vigilant health management. Responsible breeders screen for mitral valve disease (MVD), a progressive heart condition affecting most Cavaliers by mid-life, as well as syringomyelia (SM), a neurological disorder linked to their skull structure. Other concerns include hip dysplasia, patellar luxation, eye conditions (like cataracts and retinal disorders), and ear infections due to their floppy ears. Regular vet visits, weight control, and avoiding overheating (they’re sensitive to heat) are crucial.

RECOMMENDED TESTS FROM THE NATIONAL BREED CLUB:

• Cardiac Exam (annual echocardiograms for MVD monitoring)
• SM/Chiari Malformation MRI (if breeding or symptomatic)
• Hip Evaluation (OFA or PennHIP for dysplasia risk)
• Patellar Luxation Exam (knee joint stability)
• Ophthalmologist Evaluation (eye disorders, including PRA and dry eye)
• Thyroid Function Test (metabolic health)

With proactive care—including heart medications (if needed), low-impact exercise, and dental hygiene—a Cavalier can live 9–14 years. Early screening for MVD and SM is critical, as symptoms often appear later in life. Their sweet temperament and adaptability make them wonderful pets, but owners should prioritize preventive health measures to ensure a long, happy life.

Cavalier King Charles Spaniels thrive on a high-quality dog food formulated for their age (puppy, adult, or senior) and size (toy/small breed). Whether commercial or home-prepared (with veterinary supervision), their diet should emphasize lean protein for muscle maintenance and heart-supporting nutrients, given their predisposition to mitral valve disease (MVD).

Due to their moderate activity level and risk of obesity which exacerbates joint and heart issues portion control is essential. Measure meals carefully and opt for healthy, low-calorie treats during training. Safe human snacks include blueberries, steamed carrots, and lean chicken, but avoid toxic foods like chocolate, grapes, and xylitol.

Key Dietary Considerations for Cavaliers:

✔ High-quality protein (chicken, turkey, salmon) for lean muscle
✔ Omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil for heart and coat health)
✔ Controlled calories (prevent weight gain)
✔ Glucosamine & chondroitin (supports joints, as they can develop luxating patellas)
✔ No fillers (corn, wheat, artificial additives)

Always provide fresh water, and monitor for food allergies (itchy skin, ear infections—common due to their floppy ears). Regular weight checks help maintain their ideal body condition.

Pro Tips:

• Cavaliers can be enthusiastic eaters use a slow-feed bowl to prevent gulping and bloat.
• If your Cavalier is picky, try warming food or adding a spoonful of plain pumpkin (fiber-rich and tasty).

• • For heart health, some vets recommend taurine-rich foods or supplements consult your vet before adding any.

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Grooming Guide

Cavaliers have a silky, medium-length coat with feathering on their ears, chest, legs, and tail. While not as high-maintenance as some longhaired breeds, their luxurious coat requires regular care to prevent tangles, mats, and skin issues. Their floppy ears and facial structure also need special attention.

Brushing:

✔ 2–3 times per week with a slicker brush to remove loose hair and prevent mats.
✔ Focus on feathering areas (ears, legs, tail) where tangles commonly form.
✔ For show dogs or thicker coats, a pin brush followed by a metal comb ensures smoothness.
✔ Daily brushing during shedding seasons (spring/fall) helps manage excess hair.

Bathing:

✔ Bathe every 3–4 weeks (or when dirty) with a mild, moisturizing dog shampoo.
✔ Use a conditioner to keep their coat soft and reduce static.
✔ Avoid over-bathing Cavaliers have sensitive skin that can dry out easily.

Nail Care:

✔ Trim nails every 3–4 weeks to prevent overgrowth (long nails can affect their gait).
✔ If you hear clicking on floors, it’s time for a trim!

Ears & Eyes:

✔ Ears: Clean weekly with a vet-approved ear solution to prevent infections (their floppy ears trap moisture). Check for redness or odor.
✔ Eyes: Gently wipe tear stains daily with a damp cloth (common due to their large, round eyes).

Teeth:

✔ Brush 2–3 times per week to prevent plaque buildup (small breeds are prone to dental disease).
✔ Offer dental chews or use a water additive for extra protection.

Extra Tips for Cavalier Grooming:

• Paw Care: Trim hair between paw pads to prevent debris buildup.
• Feathering: Lightly mist with detangling spray before brushing to avoid breakage.
• Shedding: Though not heavy shedders, regular brushing keeps loose hair under control.
• Professional Grooming: A trim every 8–12 weeks keeps their coat neat, especially for pets (not show dogs).

Pro Tip: Start grooming early Cavaliers love attention but need positive reinforcement to enjoy brushing and handling.

Special Considerations:

• Skin Allergies: Some Cavaliers are prone to allergies use hypoallergenic shampoos if needed.
• Summer Care: Their thick coat can make them overheat provide shade and cool mats in warm weather.
• Show Grooming: Show Cavaliers require more detailed coat care, including hand-stripping for a polished look.

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Training Guide

Cavaliers are eager-to-please, affectionate companions with a gentle intelligence that makes them highly trainable. Unlike more independent breeds, they thrive on human connection and respond best to positive reinforcement and praise. While not as stubborn as some breeds, their sensitive nature requires a patient, encouraging approach—harsh corrections will only discourage them.

Effective Training Approach:

✔ Short, joyful sessions (10-15 minutes, 2-3 times daily) – Their attention span is good but sessions should stay fun!
✔ High-value treats (small pieces of chicken or cheese) work wonders, as does enthusiastic praise.
✔ Socialization first! Expose them early to diverse people, dogs, and environments to nurture their naturally friendly temperament.

Essential Commands to Master:

• “Come” – Cavaliers love to follow their humans, but a solid recall keeps them safe.
• “Leave it” – Prevents scavenging (they’re food-motivated but not typically destructive).
• “Gentle” – Useful for curbing overexcited greetings (their wagging tails can knock over teacups!).

Key Focus Areas:

✔ Leash manners – Train with a lightweight harness (their delicate tracheas can collapse if pulled).
✔ Housebreaking – Generally quick learners, but establish a consistent schedule—especially for puppies.
✔ Mental stimulation – They adore interactive games like “find the treat” or learning new tricks.

Challenges & Solutions:

• Separation anxiety – Gradually acclimate them to alone time; avoid overly emotional departures/returns.
• Jumping up – Teach “off” early—their enthusiasm for greeting can be overwhelming!
• Barking – Rarely excessive, but redirect with a quiet command if they alert-bark at noises.

Pro Tip: Cavaliers excel in therapy work, obedience, and rally—their people-pleasing nature shines in structured activities. Enroll in puppy classes to boost confidence (and give them extra socialization opportunities).

Special Notes:

• Puppies: Start training early (8-12 weeks) but keep expectations age-appropriate—their attention will wander!
• Seniors: They remain eager learners, though may need adaptations for any hearing/vision loss.
• Always end on a high note—finish sessions with a success and cuddles to reinforce their love of training.

With their sweet temperament and willingness to learn, Cavaliers are a joy to train. Consistency and kindness will mold them into perfectly polite companions—whether at home, in the park, or as therapy dogs spreading cheer!